Installing PostgreSQL on Ubuntu 20.04

PostgreSQL is an open-source relational database management system that offers a wide range of features for building robust and scalable applications. It provides support for advanced data types, efficient indexing, and multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) to ensure data integrity. PostgreSQL is known for its reliability, extensibility, and compliance with the SQL standard.

Prerequisites

• An Ubuntu 20.04 server
• A non-root user with sudo privileges

Step 1: Update Package Lists

Before installing any new software, it is best to update the package lists on your server. This ensures that you'll download the latest versions of packages.

sudo apt update

Step 2: Install PostgreSQL

To install PostgreSQL, you can use the apt package management tool, which is the default package manager on Ubuntu.

sudo apt install postgresql

Step 3: Configure PostgreSQL

By default, PostgreSQL creates a new system user called "postgres" during the installation process. To get started, switch to the "postgres" user using the following command:

sudo -u postgres psql

Step 4: Access PostgreSQL Prompt

Once you are logged in as the "postgres" user, you can access the PostgreSQL prompt by typing:

\q

Step 5: Create a New PostgreSQL User and Database

By default, PostgreSQL does not allow remote clients to connect. To create a new user and database, type the following commands:

CREATE USER myuser WITH PASSWORD 'mypassword';

CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE mydatabase TO myuser;

Step 6: Connect to PostgreSQL

You can connect to PostgreSQL using the psql command-line utility:

psql -d mydatabase -U myuser -h localhost

Step 7: Configuring Remote Access

If you need to allow remote clients to access PostgreSQL, you'll need to configure the PostgreSQL server to listen on your server's IP address. To do this, open the PostgreSQL configuration file using a text editor:

sudo nano /etc/postgresql/12/main/postgresql.conf

Find the following line, uncomment it, and change "localhost" to the IP address of your server:

# listen_address = 'localhost'

Save the file and exit the text editor. Then, restart the PostgreSQL service:

sudo systemctl restart postgresql

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we have covered the installation and basic configuration of PostgreSQL on Ubuntu 20.04. You are now ready to start using PostgreSQL for your applications and databases.